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Shadow Cabinet
The Shadow Cabinet is a feature of the Westminster system of government. It comprises a senior group of opposition spokespeople who, under the leadership of the Leader of the Opposition, form an alternative cabinet to that of the government, and whose members ''shadow'' or mark each individual member of the Cabinet.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.parliament.uk/site-information/glossary/shadow-cabinet/ )〕 Members of a shadow cabinet are often but not always appointed to a Cabinet post if and when their party gets into government. It is the Shadow Cabinet's responsibility to criticize the policies and actions of the government, as well as offering an alternative program.
In most countries, a member of the shadow cabinet is referred to as a Shadow Minister. In Canada, however, the term Opposition Critic is more usual. In the United Kingdom's House of Lords and in New Zealand, the term "spokesperson" is used instead of "shadow".〔
==Cultural applications==
In the United Kingdom, Canada and New Zealand the major opposition party and specifically its shadow cabinet is called ''His'' or ''Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition''. The adjective "loyal" is used because, while the role of the opposition is to oppose Her Majesty's Government, it does not dispute the sovereign's right to the throne and therefore the legitimacy of the government. However, in other countries that use the Westminster system, the opposition is known simply as ''The Parliamentary Opposition''.
Some parliamentary parties, notably the Australian Labor Party, elect all the members of their shadow cabinets in a party room ballot, with the Leader of the Opposition then allocating portfolios to the Shadow Ministers.〔 ISBN 978-0-9806554-0-7〕 In other parliamentary parties, the membership and composition of the Shadow Cabinet is generally determined solely by the Leader of the Opposition.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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